Background: Female adnexal tumors of probable wolffian origin are a distinctive epithelial neoplasm arising from the remnants of the mesonephric duct. Although generally considered a tumor of low malignant potential, these tumors can recur. Two cases are reported here.
Cases: (1) A 38-year-old G(6)P(6) Latin American woman presented with lower abdominal pain and a pelvic mass. She had a history of a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with a paratubal nodule found incidentally 3 years prior. The pathologic findings were consistent with a female adnexal tumor of probable wolffian origin. Imaging studies revealed significant metastatic disease throughout her abdomen and pelvis. The recurrence was confirmed at laparotomy and tumor debulking was performed. Four months later the patient suffered a second recurrence and is currently undergoing treatment with systemic therapy. (2) A 71-year-old Caucasian woman who had undergone exploratory laparotomy and tumor reductive surgery for a female adnexal tumor of probable wolffian duct origin was seen for routine evaluation 1 year after her surgery. Her computed tomography scan revealed possible evidence of recurrence.
Conclusion: Most female adnexal tumors of wolffian origin behave in a benign fashion. However, there is a potential risk of recurrence. Surgical excision by total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at the time of diagnosis may be the best recommended mode of therapy. The role of adjuvant radiation therapy or chemotherapy remains questionable.