Maternal and neonatal characteristics of the study groups
| Data | A | Brain growth | Neurodevelopment | |||
| B | C | D | E | |||
| Prenatally exposed infants (n=31) | Prenatally exposed infants (n=21) | Not exposed infants (n=21) | Prenatally exposed infants (n=21) | Not exposed infants (n=21) | ||
| Neonatal characteristics | GA at birth (weeks), mean±SD | 36.3±2.3 | 36.4±2.4 | 36.9±2.8 | 36.1±2.4 | 36,3±3.2 |
| Term infants, n (%) | 16 (52) | 14 (67) | 14 (67) | 11 (52) | 11 (52) | |
| Preterm infants (<37 GA), n (%) | 15 (48) | 7 (33) | 7 (33) | 10 (48) | 10 (48) | |
| Late preterm (34+0–36+6 GA), n (%)* | 12 (80) | 5 (72) | 5 (72) | 9 (90) | 9 (90) | |
| Moderate preterm (32+0–33+6 GA), n (%)* | 2 (13) | 1 (14) | 1 (14) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Very and extremely preterm (<32 GA), n (%)* | 1 (7) | 1 (14) | 1 (14) | 1 (10) | 1 (10) | |
| Causes of preterm delivery | ||||||
| Maternal indications, n/tot preterms | 13/15 | 5/7 | na | 7/10 | na | |
| Obstetric indications, n/tot preterms | 0/15 | 0/7 | 1/7 | 0/10 | 4/10 | |
| Fetal conditions, n/tot preterms | 1/15 | 1/7 | 3/7 | 1/10 | 1/10 | |
| Spontaneus, n/tot preterms | 1/15 | 1/7 | 3/7 | 2/10 | 5/10 | |
| Birthweight (g), mean±SD | 2745±625 | 2753±622 | 2775±681 | 2637±543 | 2833±677 | |
| SGA (<10°C)† | 5 (16) | 4 (19) | 4 (19) | 7 (23) | 1 (5) | |
| Male, n (%) | 16 (51) | 8 (38) | 16 (76) | 9 (43) | 8 (38) | |
| Twins, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Apgar 1’, median (range) | 9 (5–9) | 9 (5–9) | 9 (5–9) | 9 (5–9) | 9 (5–9) | |
| Apgar 5’, median (range) | 9 (5–10) | 9 (5–10) | 9 (5–10) | 9 (5–10) | 9 (5–10) | |
| Cesarean section, n (%) | 16 (51) | 13 (61) | 15 (71) | 12 (57) | 8 (38) | |
| PMA at MRI scan (weeks), mean±SD | NA | 41.1±1.4 | 42.8±1.9 | NA | NA | |
| Age at neurodevelop. Test (months), mean±SD | NA | NA | NA | 19.8±3.2 | 18.8±2.5 | |
| Neonatal morbidities | RDS, n (%) | 5 (16) | 3 (14) | 5 (23) | 3 (14) | 1 (5) |
| EOS, n (%) | 1 (3) | 1 (5) | 2 (10) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | |
| LOS, n (%) | 1 (3) | 1 (5) | 4 (19) | 1 (5) | 1 (5) | |
| Blood transfusion, n (%) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | |
| Jaundice, n (%) | 5 (16) | 2 (10) | 8 (38) | 3 (14) | 2 (10) | |
| Hypoglycemia, n (%) | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (9) | 0 (0) | |
| IVH 1, n (%) | 1 (3) | 1 (5) | 1 (5) | 1 (5) | 1 (5) | |
| PDA, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Maternal characteristics | Maternal age (years), mean±SD | 35±4.1 | 35±4.2 | 35±3.9 | 36±4.2 | 35±3.7 |
| Type of cancer | ||||||
| Breast cancer | 24 (79) | 16 (75) | NA | 16 (75) | NA | |
| Ovarian cancer | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | NA | 1 (5) | NA | |
| Cervical cancer | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | NA | 0 (0) | NA | |
| Lung cancer | 1 (3) | 1 (5) | NA | 1 (5) | NA | |
| Nasophrynx cancer | 1 (3) | 1 (5) | NA | 1 (5) | NA | |
| Hodgkin lynphome | 2 (6) | 2 (10) | NA | 1 (5) | NA | |
| Non-Hodgkin lynohome | 1 (3) | 1 (5) | NA | 1 (5) | NA | |
| Diagnosis in the second trimester, n (%) | 21 (67) | 11 (52) | NA | 12 (57) | NA | |
| Patients exposed to epirubicin, n (%) | 26 (83) | 17 (81) | NA | 18 (85) | NA | |
| Cum. dos. epirubicin (mg/m2), median (range) | 252 (75–450) | 280 (75–450) | NA | 262 (75–450) | NA | |
Only observed neonatal morbidities are reported. Column A: all prenatally exposed group included in the study; Column B: prenatally exposed infants whose MRI was analyzed; Column C not exposed infants who performed MRI; Column D: prenatally exposed infants who performed neurodevelopmental test at 18 months; Column E not exposed infants who performed neurodevelopmental test at 18 months. Maternal and neonatal data of 10/31 prenatally exposed infants were previously published.4
*Respect to total number of preterm infants. Maternal indications: severe maternal clinical conditions and/or planning maternal treatment; fetal conditions: for example, intrauterine growth restriction, fetal ascites; obstetric indication: cholestasis, gestational hypertension, placenta praevia; spontaneous: for example, premature rupture of membranes, beginning of labor.
†According to Fenton (for preterm infants) and the WHO (for term infants) growth chart.
EOS, early onset sepsis; GA, gestational age; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; LOS, late onset sepsis; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NA, not applicable; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; PMA, post-menstrual age; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; SGA, small for gestational age.