Screening parameters | Primary cytology | Primary HPV (3-year recall) | Primary HPV (5-year recall) | ||||||
Mean | Lower | Upper | Mean | Lower | Upper | Mean | Lower | Upper | |
Cytology tests (x10 000) | |||||||||
All | 31.46 | 30.93 | 31.96 | 3.96 | 3.72 | 3.98 | 3.25 | 2.87 | 3.24 |
Normal | 28.64 | 28.06 | 29.31 | 2.57 | 2.27 | 2.77 | 2.06 | 1.75 | 2.06 |
Borderline | 1.83 | 1.39 | 2.18 | 1.08 | 0.74 | 1.28 | 0.91 | 0.67 | 0.90 |
Mild | 0.72 | 0.48 | 0.97 | 0.25 | 0.16 | 0.34 | 0.21 | 0.13 | 0.21 |
Moderate | 0.17 | 0.07 | 0.28 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
Severe | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.22 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01 |
HPV tests (x10 000) | |||||||||
All | 2.72 | 2.21 | 3.14 | 33.16 | 32.60 | 33.59 | 26.09 | 25.52 | 26.08 |
HPV negative | 1.58 | 1.16 | 1.96 | 28.68 | 28.30 | 29.19 | 22.43 | 21.92 | 22.43 |
HPV positive | 1.14 | 0.90 | 1.35 | 4.48 | 4.19 | 4.50 | 0.00 | 3.22 | 3.65 |
Colposcopies (x10 000) | |||||||||
All | 1.07 | 0.84 | 1.25 | 1.47 | 1.28 | 1.55 | 1.24 | 1.04 | 1.23 |
Normal | 0.63 | 0.47 | 0.77 | 0.78 | 0.67 | 0.83 | 0.65 | 0.54 | 0.65 |
CIN1 | 0.24 | 0.18 | 0.28 | 0.38 | 0.32 | 0.41 | 0.32 | 0.26 | 0.32 |
CIN2 or worse | 0.20 | 0.15 | 0.23 | 0.32 | 0.26 | 0.35 | 0.27 | 0.22 | 0.27 |
New cancer cases and deaths | |||||||||
Cases | 2118 | 1475 | 2869 | 1828 | 1016 | 2738 | 1999 | 1356 | 3022 |
Deaths | 520 | 364 | 704 | 461 | 325 | 752 | 475 | 337 | 777 |
Screening and treatment costs | |||||||||
Screening (£ million) | 134 | 122 | 145 | 120 | 112 | 131 | 98 | 91 | 107 |
Screening and treatment (£ million) | 153 | 139 | 165 | 137 | 126 | 147 | 114 | 104 | 127 |
Discounted lifetime costs per women (£) | 160 | 146 | 172 | 145 | 134 | 157 | 121 | 108 | 131 |
Discounted QALYs lost per 1000 women | |||||||||
Life years lost only | 15.7 | 9.2 | 23.9 | 14.6 | 7.9 | 21.2 | 15.3 | 8.5 | 22.4 |
QALYs: base case | 13.6 | 10.5 | 16.5 | 16 | 12.8 | 19.8 | 14.4 | 11.3 | 17.9 |
QALYs: minimum screen QALY losses | 6 | 3.7 | 8 | 5.5 | 3.3 | 7.3 | 5.2 | 3.2 | 7.6 |
QALYs: maximum screen QALY losses | 19.5 | 15.1 | 22.5 | 22.5 | 18.4 | 26.2 | 19.9 | 16.2 | 23.7 |
CIN, cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia; HPV, human papillomavirus; QALY, quality-adjusted life-years.