Comparison of intravenous fluids, analgesic and anti-emetics in the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) and conventional management (CM) groups
| Characteristics | ERAS | CM | P value |
| (n=45) | (n=45) | ||
| Intra-operative factors | |||
| Total crystalloid used (L) | 3.18±1.06 | 3.28±1.31 | 0.692 |
| Patients colloids used (n (%)) | 6 (13.3) | 10 (22.2) | 0.27 |
| Patients blood transfused (n (%)) | 18 (40) | 18 (40) | 1 |
| Total fentanyl dose (μg) | 137.1±27.2 | 146.1±35.6 | 0.181 |
| Total buprenorphin dose (μg) | 141.8±21.5 | 142.5±16.1 | 0.862 |
| Total acetaminophen dose (g) | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | – |
| Patients additional intravenous opioid used (n (%)) | 1 (2.2) | 4 (8.9) | 0.167 |
| Post-operative factors | |||
| Total intravenous fluid (L) | 2.38±0.43 | 7.19±2.38 | <0.001 |
| Total intravenous acetaminophen (g) | 7.05±1.41 | 13.81±3.16 | <0.001 |
| Total buprenorphin dose (μg) | 452.3±152.9 | 880±160.2 | <0.001 |
| POD 0 | |||
| Patients requiring tramadol for pain score ≥4 (n (%)) | 6 (13.3) | 22 (48.9) | <0.001 |
| Patients requiring fentanyl for breakthrough pain (n (%)) | 0 | 12 (26.7) | <0.001 |
| Patients requiring continuous infusion (n (%)) | 0 | 5 (11.1) | 0.021 |
| POD 1 | |||
| Patients requiring additional analgesic (n (%)) | 4 (8.9%) | 25(55.6%) | <0.001 |
| Patients requiring additional anti-emetic for excessive post-operative nausea and vomiting (n (%)) | 3(6.7%) | 2(4.4%) | 0.645 |
| POD 2 | |||
| Patients requiring intravenous analgesic (n (%)) | 5 (11.1) | 45 (100.0) | <0.001 |
CM, conventional management; ERAS, enhanced recovery after surgery; POD, post-operative day.