Table 1

General characteristics of included studies, all of which were retrospective cohort studies

First authorPublication yearCountryStudy period
(year)		Cancer typeSample sizeMedian follow-up (months)Age (years)Sarcopenia criteriaOutcome
Ataseven16 2018Germany2011–2016Ovarian32340Median 60, range 21–89Muscle attenuation <32 HUOverall survival
Aust17 2015Austria2004–2012Ovarian14056Mean 60Skeletal muscle index <41 cm2/m2 Progression-free survival
Overall survival
Bronger9 2017Germany2003–2013Ovarian10527Median 65, range 33–85Skeletal muscle index ≤38.5 cm2/m2 Progression-free survival
Overall survival
Conrad18 2017USA2007–2015Ovarian10226Mean 55Skeletal muscle index <38.5 cm2/m2 Adverse events
de Paula36 2018Brazil2008–2015Endometrial Ovarian2501Not availableSkeletal muscle index <38.9 cm2/m2 Adverse events
de Paula20 2019Brazil2008–2015Endometrial23212Median 64.3Skeletal muscle index <38.9 cm2/m2 Overall survival
Kiyotoki13 2018Japan2004–2014Cervical6033.5Median 56.1, range 25–74Skeletal muscle ≥15% loss during treatmentProgression-free survival
Overall survival
Kumar21 2016USA2006–2012Ovarian29633.2Mean 64.6Skeletal muscle index <39 cm2/m2 Overall survival
Kuroki26 2015USA2005–2009Endometrial12232.8Mean 65.9Muscle mass <4.33 cm2 Progression-free survival
Overall survival
Adverse events
Lee22 2018Taiwan2004–2015Cervical24562.7Mean 63Skeletal muscle index <41 cm2/m2 Overall survival
Matsuoka23 2019Japan2004–2018Cervical23634.5Median 61, range 25–88Skeletal muscle index <36.55 cm2/m2 Progression-free survival
Overall survival
Rodrigues14 2018Brazil2008–2014Endometrial20812Mean 64.2Skeletal muscle index <42.4 cm2/m2
Average muscle radiation attenuation <30 HU		Overall survival
Rutten25 2016Netherlands2000–2014Ovarian12323Mean 66.5, range 39–86Skeletal muscle index <41.5 cm2/m2 Overall survival
Rutten24 2017Netherlands2000–2015Ovarian21657Mean 63.1, range 16–85Skeletal muscle index ≤38.73 cm2/m2 Overall survival
Adverse events
Rutten15 2017Netherlands2000–2015Ovarian15023Median 67, range 39–86Skeletal muscle attenuation loss during treatmentOverall survival
Yoshikawa27 2017Japan2010–2015Ovarian76NAMedian 62, range 33–81Psoas index <58 mm2/m2 Adverse events