Surgical data and postoperative outcomes
| Variable | Overall (n=148) | Continent (n=70) | Non-continent (n=78) | P value |
| Age at time of exenteration (years) (median (range)) | 55 (26–79) | 53.5 (33–78) | 57 (26–79) | 0.466 |
| Indication for exenteration (n (%)) | 0.341 | |||
| Persistent disease | 33 (22.6) | 18 (26.1) | 15 (19.5) | |
| Recurrent disease | 113 (77.4) | 51 (73.9) | 62 (80.5) | |
| Missing | 2 (–) | 1 (–) | 1 (–) | |
| Interval between last radiotherapy and exenteration (months) (median (range)) | 14.0 (0.8–396.5) | 15.9 (0.8–396.5) | 11.3 (1.7–154.1) | 0.774 |
| Missing | 17 | 3 | 14 | |
| Pre-existing fistulae (n (%)) | 27 (18.4) | 15 (21.4) | 12 (15.6) | 0.361 |
| Missing | 1 (–) | 0 (–) | 1 (–) | |
| Type of exenteration (n (%)) | 0.022 | |||
| Anterior | 72 (48.6) | 41 (58.6) | 31 (39.7) | |
| Total | 76 (51.4) | 29 (41.4) | 47 (60.3) | |
| Magrina type exenteration (n (%)) | 0.854 | |||
| I | 100 (68.5) | 45 (66.2) | 55 (70.5) | |
| II | 28 (19.2) | 14 (20.6) | 14 (17.9) | |
| III | 18 (12.3) | 9 (13.2) | 9 (11.5) | |
| Missing | 2 (–) | 2 (–) | 0 (–) | |
| Intraoperative radiotherapy or interstitial brachytherapy (n (%)) | 8 (5.4) | 6 (8.6) | 2 (2.6) | 0.152 |
| Missing | 1 (–) | 0 (–) | 1 (–) | |
| Vaginal reconstruction (n (%)) | 70 (47.9) | 39 (55.7) | 31 (40.8) | 0.071 |
| Missing | 2 (–) | 0 (–) | 2 (–) | |
| Vaginal reconstruction type (n (%)) | 1.000 | |||
| Myocutaneous flap | 54 (90.0) | 31 (88.6) | 23 (92.0) | |
| Omental flap | 6 (10.0) | 4 (11.4) | 2 (8.0) | |
| Missing | 10 (–) | 4 (–) | 6 (–) | |
| Margins (n (%)) | 0.795 | |||
| In sano | 113 (78.5) | 54 (79.4) | 59 (77.6) | |
| Non-in sano | 31 (21.5) | 14 (20.6) | 17 (22.4) | |
| Missing | 4 (–) | 2 (–) | 2 (–) | |
| Hospitalization length (days) (median (range)) | 27 (6–144) | 28.5 (6–144) | 26 (9–138) | 0.194 |
| Missing | 1 (–) | 0 (–) | 1 (–) | |
| ICU hospitalization (n (%)) | 102 (69.4) | 44 (62.9) | 58 (75.3) | 0.101 |
| Missing | 1 (–) | 0 (–) | 1 (–) | |
| Postoperative grade III–IV complications* (n (%)) | ||||
| Total | 63 (42.6) | 30 (42.9) | 33 (42.3) | 0.946 |
| Grade IIIa | 10 (6.8) | 6 (8.7) | 4 (5.1) | 0.702 |
| Grade IIIb | 38 (25.9) | 16 (23.2) | 22 (28.2) | |
| Grade IVa | 6 (4.1) | 4 (5.8) | 2 (2.6) | |
| Grade IVb | 8 (5.4) | 3 (4.3) | 5 (6.4) | |
| Missing | 1 (–) | 1 (–) | 0 (–) | |
| Complications grade III–IV needing surgical reintervention (n (%)) | 46 (31.5) | 19 (27.9) | 27 (34.6) | 0.386 |
| Missing | 2 (–) | 2 (–) | 0 (–) | |
| Complications grade III–IV needing interventional radiology procedures (n (%)) | 20 (13.7) | 10 (14.7) | 10 (12.8) | 0.741 |
| Missing | 2 (–) | 2 (–) | 0 (–) | |
| Type of grade III–IV complication† (n (%)) | ||||
| Digestive | 29 (19.7) | 16 (23.2) | 13 (16.7) | 0.321 |
| Urinary | 24 (16.3) | 11 (15.9) | 13 (16.7) | 0.906 |
| Parietal | 4 (2.7) | 0 (0) | 4 (5.1) | 0.123 |
| Infectious | 28 (19.0) | 10 (14.5) | 18 (23.1) | 0.186 |
| Hemorrhagic | 3 (2.0) | 1 (1.4) | 2 (2.6) | 1.000 |
| Medical | 6 (4.1) | 4 (5.8) | 2 (2.6) | 0.420 |
| Missing | 1 (–) | 1 (–) | 0 (–) |
*if more than one complication was present, grade was assigned according to the most severe complication.
†Percentages do not add up 100% as more than one complication could be present in the same patient.
ICU, intensive care unit.