RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Aggressive Behavior and Poor Prognosis of Endometrial Stromal Sarcomas With YWHAE-FAM22 Rearrangement Indicate the Clinical Importance to Recognize This Subset JF International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer JO Int J Gynecol Cancer FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd SP 1616 OP 1622 DO 10.1097/IGC.0000000000000278 VO 24 IS 9 A1 Arnold-Jan Kruse A1 Sabrina Croce A1 Roy F.P.M. Kruitwagen A1 Robert G. Riedl A1 Brigitte F.M. Slangen A1 Toon Van Gorp A1 Koen K. Van de Vijver YR 2014 UL http://ijgc.bmj.com/content/24/9/1616.abstract AB Objectives Although the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2003 defined endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESSs) in general have a good prognosis, considerable differences in clinical behavior and prognosis may exist between different patients with ESS. The ESSs of the type associated with YWHAE-NUTM2 (previously named YWHAE-FAM22) fusion have a more aggressive clinical behavior and poorer prognosis than conventional ESS. Recently, the WHO 2014 classification recognizes this subset of ESS as a separate entity and classifies these as high-grade ESSs. Recognition of this subset has therefore an important clinical impact. We performed a review of the literature to delineate the clinicopathologic features of ESS patients with an YWHAE-NUTM2 rearrangement, with the goal to recognize this subset of ESS.Methods We report a case of a woman with WHO 2014–defined high-grade ESS. Furthermore, published English literature was reviewed for YWHAE-FAM22 ESS and uterus.Results Twenty patients were identified, with a median age of 50 (range, 28–67) years. There were no clinical features able to recognize YWHAE-NUTM2 ESS. However, they characteristically contain specific histopathological features. Furthermore, YWHAE-NUTM2 ESSs are strongly cyclin D1 positive in contrast to conventional low-grade ESSs.Conclusions YWHAE-NUTM2 ESSs represent a subset of ESSs with an aggressive clinical behavior and poor prognosis. Specific histopathological features may indicate the presence of YWHAE-NUTM2 rearrangement, which subsequently can be confirmed by cyclin D1 immunostaining.