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Original Article
Coffee and caffeine intake and risk of ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  1. Fateme Shafiei1,2,
  2. Asma Salari-Moghaddam1,2,
  3. Alireza Milajerdi1,2,
  4. Bagher Larijani3 and
  5. Ahmad Esmaillzadeh2,4,5
  1. 1 Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3 Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4 Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  1. Correspondence to Ahmad Esmaillzadeh, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 15119-43943, Iran; a-esmaillzadeh{at}tums.ac.ir

Abstract

Background Results from earlier publications on the association of coffee and caffeine and risk of ovarian cancer are inconsistent.

Objective To evaluate the link between coffee, caffeine, caffeinated coffee, and decaffeinated coffee consumption and risk of ovarian cancer.

Methods We searched PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify relevant publications up to April 2018. All case–control studies that considered coffee, caffeine, caffeinated coffee, or decaffeinated coffee as the exposure variables and ovarian cancer as the main outcome variable or as one of the outcomes were included in the systematic review. Publications in which odds ratios (ORs) or rate or risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported, were included in the meta-analysis.

Results A total of 22 case–control studies were included in the systematic review, and 20 studies in the meta-analysis. Overall, 40 140 participants, including 8568 patients with ovarian cancer, aged ≥ 17 years were included. Combining 21 effect sizes from 18 studies, no significant association was observed between total coffee intake and risk of ovarian cancer (OR=1.09; 95% CI 0.94 to 1.26). There was no significant association between total caffeine intake and ovarian cancer risk (OR=0.89; 95% CI 0.55 to 1.45). In addition, caffeinated coffee intake was not significantly associated with ovarian cancer (OR=1.05; 95% CI 0.87 to 1.28). However, combining effect sizes from five studies, we found an inverse significant association between decaffeinated coffee intake and risk of ovarian cancer (OR=0.72; 95% CI 0.58 to 0.90).

Conclusions Our findings indicated an inverse association between decaffeinated coffee consumption and risk of ovarian cancer. No significant association was found between coffee, caffeine or caffeinated coffee intake and risk of ovarian cancer.

  • diet
  • coffee
  • caffeine
  • ovarian cancer
  • drink

https://doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2018-000102

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors FS, AS-M and AM contributed to the conception, design, search, statistical analyses, data interpretation, and manuscript drafting. BL contributed to the design, data interpretation, and manuscript drafting. AE contributed to the conception, design, statistical analyses, data interpretation, and manuscript drafting; and supervised the study. All authors approved the final manuscript for submission.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent for publication Not required.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.