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Abstract
Objective The goal of this study was to evaluate if addition of adjuvant chemotherapy to radiation therapy improves overall survival in patients with high-intermediate risk stage I endometrial carcinoma with lymphovascular invasion.
Methods Patients diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2015 with FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage I endometrioid endometrial carcinoma with lymphovascular invasion who underwent hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy and met the GOG-99 criteria for high-intermediate risk were identified in the National Cancer Database. Patients who received adjuvant radiotherapy with or without adjuvant chemotherapy (administered within 6 months of surgery) and had at least 1 month of follow-up were selected for further analysis. Overall survival was compared with the log-rank test following stratification by type of radiation treatment. A Cox model was constructed to control for a priori selected confounders.
Results A total of 2881 patients who met the inclusion criteria were identified; 2417 (83.9%) patients received radiation therapy alone while 464 (16.1%) received chemoradiation. Rate of adjuvant chemotherapy administration was comparable between patients who received vaginal brachytherapy alone (16.2%), and external beam radiation therapy (with or without vaginal brachytherapy) (15.8%), p=0.78. Rate of chemoradiation was higher for patients with grade 3 (28.8%) tumors compared with those with grade 2 (9.9%) and grade 1 (8.3%) tumors, p<0.001. After controlling for confounders for patients receiving external beam radiation, addition of chemotherapy was not associated with improved overall survival (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.46). For patients receiving vaginal brachytherapy addition of chemotherapy was associated with better overall survival (HR 0.644, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.92). Benefit was limited to patients with grade 3 tumors, p=0.026; 4-year overall survival rate was 81.1% versus 74.9%.
Conclusions In patients with high-intermediate risk FIGO stage I endometrioid endometrial carcinoma and lymphovascular invasion, addition of chemotherapy to radiation therapy was associated with a survival benefit for patients with grade 3 tumors receiving vaginal brachytherapy.
- Uterine Cancer
- Radiotherapy
Data availability statement
Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. Data obtained from American College of Surgeons.
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Data availability statement
Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. Data obtained from American College of Surgeons.
Footnotes
Contributors DN: conception, data acquisition, data management, statistical analysis, critical analysis, drafting/final editing, guarantor. JO, EMK, AFH, LC, SK, RLG, MM: critical analysis, drafting/final editing. NL: supervision, critical analysis, drafting/final editing. All authors contributed significantly.
Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.
Competing interests None related to this study. RLG: medical monitor for CAPRI trial by Astra Zeneca. AFH: GSK research fund, GSK advisory board, Honoraria: Axess ovarian cancer lecture.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.
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