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Skeletal system as a rare metastatic site in patients with ovarian carcinoma
  1. Naziye Ak1,
  2. Yagmur Minareci2 and
  3. Pinar Saip1
  1. 1 Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul University Institute of Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
  2. 2 Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Eskişehir City Hospital, Eskisehir, Turkey
  1. Correspondence to Dr Naziye Ak, Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul University Institute of Oncology, Istanbul 34000, Turkey; naziyeak{at}hotmail.com

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the frequency and predictors of bone metastasis in patients with ovarian cancer and to determine prognostic factors associated with this finding.

Methods Patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer between January 2009 and December 2019 were evaluated. Patients with radiologically or pathologically confirmed bone metastasis were included in the study. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and compared using the log-rank test. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors related to survival was performed using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Results Nineteen (2.6%) of 736 patients had bone metastases. Patients with clear cell histology had a higher risk of bone metastases than patients with the other epithelial histology groups (12.3% vs 2.1%, p<0.001). Overall survival was significantly lower in patients diagnosed with bone metastasis at the time of cancer diagnosis than in those diagnosed with bone metastasis during the course of the disease (median 63 vs 6.1 months, p<0.001). However, when the survival time after the development of bone metastasis was examined, no difference was found between patients with metastasis at the time of diagnosis and at the time of first or later progression (median 13.6 vs 4 months, p=0.09). In addition, the median survival of patients with clear cell histology after bone metastasis did not differ statistically from that of patients with other epithelial histology (median 22 vs 7.5 months; p=0.13). In the clear cell subgroup, bone metastasis was an independent prognostic factor for survival after multivariate analysis. For all patients, the stage at diagnosis and serum CA125 and alkaline phosphatase levels at the time of bone metastasis were prognostic factors for survival.

Discussion Bone metastasis is rare in patients with ovarian cancer. However, the risk of bone metastasis is highest in patients with clear cell histology.

  • ovarian cancer
  • neoplasm metastasis
  • pathology

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.

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Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.

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Footnotes

  • Twitter @naziyeak

  • Contributors NA and PS conceived and designed the study. NA and YM had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. NA and PS acquired the funding sources. NA and YM extracted, analyzed, and interpreted the data. NA and YM wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors critically revised the manuscript and approved the final version. The lead author NA affirms the quality and integrity of this manuscript.

  • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

  • Competing interests None declared.

  • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.