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Pathologic distribution at the time of interval tumor reductive surgery informs personalized surgery for high-grade ovarian cancer
  1. Courtney D Bailey1,
  2. Rebecca Previs2,
  3. Bryan M Fellman3,
  4. Tarrik Zaid4,
  5. Marilyn Huang5,
  6. Alaina Brown6,
  7. Ahmed Enbaya4,
  8. Nyla Balakrishnan7,
  9. Russell R Broaddus8,
  10. Diane C Bodurka4,
  11. Pamela Soliman4,
  12. Nicole D Fleming4,
  13. Alpa Nick9,
  14. Anil K Sood4 and
  15. Shannon Neville Westin4
  1. 1Obstretrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Augusta University Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
  2. 2Obstretrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
  3. 3Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
  4. 4Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
  5. 5Obstretrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, Florida, USA
  6. 6Obstretrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
  7. 7Public Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
  8. 8Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina System, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
  9. 9Gynecologic Oncology, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
  1. Correspondence to Dr Shannon Neville Westin, Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; swestin{at}mdanderson.org

Abstract

Introduction The surgical approach for interval debulking surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been extrapolated from primary tumor reductive surgery for high-grade ovarian cancer. The study objective was to compare pathologic distribution of malignancy at interval debulking surgery versus primary tumor reductive surgery.

Methods Patients with a diagnosis of high-grade serous or mixed, non-mucinous, epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy or primary tumor reductive surgery and had at least 6 months of follow-up were identified through tumor registry at a single institution from January 1995 to April 2016. Pathologic involvement of organs was categorized as macroscopic, microscopic, or no tumor. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney and Fisher’s exact tests.

Results Of 918 patients identified, 366 (39.9%) patients underwent interval debulking surgery and 552 (60.1%) patients underwent primary tumor reductive surgery. Median age was 62.3 years (range 25.3–92.5). The majority of patients in the interval debulking surgery group were unstaged (261, 71.5%). In the patients who had a primary tumor reductive surgery, 406 (74.6%) had stage III disease. In both groups, the majority of patients had serous histology: 325 (90%) and 435 (78.8%) in the interval debulking and primary tumor reductive surgery groups, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between disease distribution on the uterus between the groups; 31.4% of the patients undergoing interval debulking surgery had no evidence of uterine disease compared with 22.1% of primary tumor reductive surgery specimens (p<0.001). In the adnexa, there was macroscopic disease present in 253 (69.2%) and 482 (87.4%) of cases in the interval vs primary surgery groups, respectively (p<0.001). Within the omentum, no tumor was present in the omentum in 52 (14.2%) in the interval surgery group versus 91 (16.5%) in the primary surgery group (p<0.001). In the interval surgery group, there was no tumor involving the small and large bowel in 49 (13.4%) and 28 (7.7%) pathologic specimens, respectively. This was statistically significantly different from the small and large bowel in the primary surgery group, of which there was no tumor in 20 (3.6%, p<0.001) and 16 (2.9%, p<0.001) of cases, respectively.

Conclusion In patients undergoing interval debulking surgery, there was less macroscopic involvement of tumor in the uterus, adnexa and bowel compared with patients undergoing primary cytoreductive surgery.

  • ovarian cancer
  • gynecologic surgical procedures

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Footnotes

  • Twitter @PamSolimanMD, @nicoleflemingmd, @Shannon.Westin

  • Contributors CDB, RP, SNW: conception, statistical analysis, critical analysis, drafting/final editing. BMF: statistical analysis, critical analysis, drafting/final editing. TZ, MH, AB, AE, NB, RRB, DCB, PTS, NDF, AMN, AKS: critical analysis, drafting/final editing.

  • Funding NIH K12CA088084 K12 Calabresi Scholar Award, NIH 1P50CA217685-01 SPORE in Ovarian Cancer, NIH P30CA016672 MD Anderson Cancer Center Support Grant, Andrew Sabin Family Fellowship GOG Foundation Scholar Investigator Award.

  • Competing interests RP receives research support from Myriad. AKS is a consultant for Merck, and Kiyatec. AKS receives research funding (M-Trap); and is a shareholder (BioPath). SNW is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Circulogene, Clovis Oncology, Eisai, GSK/Tesaro, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. SNW receives research support from ArQule, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Clovis Oncology, Cotinga Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, Roche/Genentech, and GSK/Tesaro. All conflicts of interest are not related to the current work.

  • Patient consent for publication Not required.

  • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

  • Data availability statement All data relevant to the study are included in the article.

  • Author note All work was done at MD Anderson Cancer Center.