Introduction/Background Nationwide HPV vaccination programme funded by the state aimed at teenage girls and boys was introduced in Poland in June 2023. With the implementation of nationwide vaccination programmes, it is crucial to understand the awareness and perceptions of the target population. This research aimed to gather insights from teenagers in Poland to identify gaps in knowledge and potential barriers to HPV vaccine acceptance.

Methodology A comprehensive online survey was designed targeting teenagers in Poland. The questionnaire covered key aspects such as knowledge of HPV transmission, vaccine benefits, and awareness about the recently introduced nationwide HPV vaccination programme.

Results We collected 138 answers from individuals between 14 and 18 years old. 80% of respondents were women. Among all respondents, 81% indicated that HPV infections are associated with cervical cancer, 52% - with genital warts, 32% - with vaginal cancer, 20% - with vulvar cancer, 9% - with oropharyngeal cancer. Possible HPV infection spread was indicated as: sexually transmitted disease (80%), blood-borne transmission (56%), vertical transmission (38%), oral transmission (28%), surface transmission (12%). 73% indicated they did not know about existence of high-risk HPV types. 71% of surveyed population was aware of the availability of HPV vaccines, but only 35% was aware of the national HPV vaccination programme. 32% answered that HPV vaccines are funded from public resources in target age groups. 19% chose correct definition of vaccine validity. Sixty-seven percent answered they did not know what type of HPV vaccines validities were available.

Conclusion Our findings indicate the importance of targeted educational campaigns and accessible information channels to bridge knowledge gaps and foster positive attitudes among teenagers. Increased knowledge about available national screening programme might contribute to HPV vaccine uptake among the adolescent population in Poland.