Introduction/Background The human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype determines a different risk of progression to second or third degree intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2–3) in women. Persistent infection with HPV genotypes constitutes the main risk factor associated with this progression. The genotypes and prevalence of HPV found in different regions of the world vary in incidence. The objective of this study was to analyze the risk of CIN2–3 in women with cervicovaginal atypical squamous cell cytology of undetermined significance (ASCUS) according to the type of HPV genotype.

Methodology It is a prospective study of 227 patients with ASCUS cytology referred to the Carlos Alberto Seguín Hospital Arequipa Perú, from 2018 to 2020, who underwent colposcopy, cervical biopsy and genotyping with the Genoarray Hybriobio system. The study variables were age, HPV 16 and 18 genotype, other high-risk HPV genotypes, low-risk HPV, and the result of cervical biopsy. The distribution by age, by HPV genotype and the Odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals were estimated.

Results The average age in patients with ASCUS and positive HPV who did not present CIN2–3 was 43.6 years, and in the group that developed CIN2–3 it was 46.7 years (p=0.04), 95 women were found (41.8%) with a positive HPV test of the total of 227 with ASCUS, of which 28 patients were positive for genotype 16, 5 were positive for genotype 18, 54 women had other high-risk genotypes and 8 had low-risk genotypes. Patients with high-risk genotypes 16 and 18 developed CIN 2–3 in 12 cases (36.2%), women with other high-risk HPV progressed to CIN 2–3 in 23 (42.5%) cases (p= 0.56), and patients with low-risk genotypes had a negative cervical biopsy during follow-up.

Conclusion The higher frequency of infections with HPV genotypes no 16/18 determined a greater risk of progression of cervical lesions to CIN 2–3 in relation to the 16/18 genotype.

Disclosures The authors have nothing to disclose.