Introduction/Background Ovarian tumours generally originate from epithelial, germ cell, and stroma cells. They show various histopathological and clinical features. The epithelial ovarian tumours contribute to the majority of cases of ovarian malignancies. The CA125, though a useful tool in the evaluation of ovarian malignancies has been a subject of debate as it can be produced by other tissues of the body different from ovarian cells. Studies have shown its usefulness in predicting ovarian cancer especially when used with imaging reports for pretreatment evaluation of ovarian cancers and monitoring treatment. In this study, the correlation between the histopathology of ovarian tumours and CA125 in predicting ovarian cancers was assessed.

Methodology A total of 50 patients operated on for ovarian tumours in our facility from January 2018 to December 2022 were selected and the preoperative CA125 was analyzed with the histological outcome. Logistic regression analysis, Chi-square analysis, and p-value < 0.05 were determined.

Results Patients in their third and fourth decades of life constituted the majority of those with ovarian tumours while the mean age of presentation was 42.05±15.55 years. The commonest presenting symptom was abdominal swelling. The highest level of serum CA125 was found in papillary cystadenocarcinoma 140.80 ± 29.40. The association between CA 125 level (greater than 35 IU/ml) and malignant potential was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). When CA125 was compared to histopathology, the sensitivity and specificity were 88.2% and 91.7% respectively.

Conclusion In this study, of the patients with ovarian mass who presented with elevated CA125 levels of greater than 35 IU/ml, the majority n=15 (88.2%) of these ovarian tumours were malignant. The relationship between CA 125 level (greater than 35 IU/ml) and malignant potential was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001).

Disclosures This research was self funded and there was no conflict of interest.