Introduction/Background Gynecologic (GY) cancer is a severe disease with a peak incidence in the older age groups where co-morbidity such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common and could potentially affect mortality. The aim was to investigate risk factors influencing CVD incidence and prognosis in GY patients.

Methodology This is a single-center retrospective cohort study of patients with cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers from 2006 to 2022. In this study, CVD included stroke, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism. Risk factors associated with the CVD in GY cancer were evaluated using the logistic regression model. Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze prognostic factors affecting survival. Kaplan Meier survival curves were calculated using the log-rank test. P-value < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.

Results A total of 644 GY cancer patients were included. Of these, 79 were diagnosed with CVD. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, age (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01–1.07; P = 0.008), HTN (OR, 3.20; 95% CI, 1.57–6.54; P = 0.001), heart disease (OR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.02–4.42; P = 0.044) were associated with occurrence of CVD. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed CVD (HR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.41–4.24; P = 0.002), as well as age (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.05; P = 0.006), stage (HR, 3.54; 95% CI, 2.04–6.13; P < 0.001), histology (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.03–2.56; P = 0.036), and grade (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.14–3.07; P = 0.014), were a prognostic factor associated with a higher risk of mortality in GY cancer patients.

Conclusion Age, HTN and heart disease could be a risk factor affecting the development of CVD, and GY cancer patients with CVD had a poorer prognosis than those without. Therefore, careful surveillance of these patient is required to improve oncologic outcomes.

Disclosures The authors declare no conflict of interest.