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Abstract
Introduction Gliomatosis peritonei (GP) is a rare condition characterized by multiple mature glial tissue implants in the peritoneum and omentum. Mostly associated with immature teratomas (IMT), these are benign nodular implants that remain dormant for years. But due to their clinical presentation they are often misdiagnosed as metastasis or tuberculosis, clinically and radiologically. In recent years, OCT 4 and SOX2 (SRY-box containing gene 2) , two transcription factors that play crucial role in embryonic development and stem cell maintenance, have been implicated in various cancers. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of SOX 2 and OCT 4 in the development and progression of GP and to analyze the clinicopathologic characteristics of 11 cases of GP.
Methods It was an ambispective study of 6 years (2017–2022). Data from 11 cases of GP, was retrieved and analyzed.Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for OCT 4 and SOX 2 was put using Avidin Biotin method. Descriptive statistics was used and results were expressed as percentages.
Results 1.6% (11/615) of all teratomas were associated with GP.The median age of patients was 29 years. 8/11 cases were IMT and 4/11 were mature cystic teratomas (MCT). All cases of GP were immunopositive for SOX 2 (nuclear) and immmunonegative for OCT 4.
Conclusion/Implications A possibility of GP should be considered in cases of omental nodularity with primary ovarian tumors. A conservative approach must be preferred along with long term follow up in these cases. SOX 2, in association with other transcription factors, may play a crucial role in development of GP.
