Introduction Estrogen receptor(ER), progesterone receptor(PR) status and P53 has been known as a prognostic factor in endometrial cancer. The aim of this study is to analyze the significance of P53,ER,PR status as risk factors for recurrence in postmenopausal early endometrial cancer and to provide useful information for selecting patients who require adjuvant treatment.

Methods A total of 122 postmenopausal patients who were diagnosed with endometrial cancer and underwent staging surgery, histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic tests at Haeundae Paik Hospital from 2010 to 2022 were included in this study. Kaplan-Meier analysis was conducted to compare the recurrence rates between the subgroups.

Results The recurrence rate was lowest in the endometrioid subgroup without P53 mutation(3.9%), and highest in the non-endometrioid subgroup with PR negative(32.7%). When comparing recurrence rates among the four subgroups based on P53 mutation and histologic type, the non-endometrioid subgroup with P53 mutation had the highest recurrence rate(28.8%). When comparing recurrence rates among the four subgroups based on ER expression and histologic type, the non-endometrioid subgroup with ER negative had the highest recurrence rate(21.3%). Similarly, in the PR subgroup, the non-endometrioid type with PR negative had the highest recurrence rate(32.8%).

Conclusion/Implications In postmenopausal patients with early endometrial cancer, it was observed that the recurrence rate was lower in cases with endometrioid tumors without P53 mutation and ER(+) and PR(+). Therefore, adjuvant treatment should be considered in cases with P53 mutation or without ER and/or PR expression, especially non-endometroid type.