Introduction Improving the results of treatment of patients with stage IIB cervical cancer by introducing the complex or combined treatment.

Methods This study based on a prospective analysis of 215 women diagnosed with stage IIB cervical cancer. The median age was 47 years (28–64). The patients were divided into two groups: the NACT+S group, 105 patients who recive 2–3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical treatment. Chemo-Radiotherapy (1,8 Gy, 45 Gy ± SIB on the metastatically involved lymph nodes 2,2 Gy, 55 Gy). The second group (CRT group) included 110 patients who underwent radiotherapy.

Results The median follow-up was 23 months (8–38). In the NACT+S group, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia of the 3 - 4 degree were more common than in the CRT group (6.6% and 7.6% vs. 0.9% and 0.9%, respectively; p = 0.026; p = 0.015). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups studied in relation to the 3 - 4 degree of radiation toxicity of the GI and genitourinary system. 26 cases of disease progression (24.8%) occurred in the NACT+S group, and 15 events (13.6%) occurred in the CRT group; the corresponding 3-year DFS rates were 75.2% and 86.4%, respectively (HR 1.83; 95% CI 1.99–3.40; p = 0.05).

Conclusion/Implications Cisplatin-based chemoradiation resulted in superior DFS compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery in locally advanced cervical cancer. There was no significant difference between the two study groups with 3-year indicators of OS and respect to grade 3 or 4 GI and bladder toxicities.