Introduction/Background Endometrial cancer is currently the most common gynaecological cancer. The number of cases of this cancer is rapidly increasing in high-income countries, which is related to the increasing number of obese patients, as well as the aging population. It is relevant to find new diagnostic biomarkers for endometrial cancer. This study aimed to investigate whether IL-4 (interleukin-4), IL-7 (interleukin-7) and IL-9 (interleukin-9) could be considered as new useful markers for diagnosis of endometrial cancer.

Methodology 93 women diagnosed with endometrial cancer (EC) and 66 patients with non-cancerous endometrial lesions (NCEL) were included in this study. The preoperative plasma IL-4, IL-7 and IL-9 levels were determined by a enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (SunRed Biotechnology, Shanghai) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 13.3 software. The following statistical methods were used to evaluate the collected research material: statistical description and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test of significance. A diagnostic test based on the ROC curve was also used.

Results Median serum levels of IL-4, IL-7 and IL-9 were significantly higher in the EC group compared to NCEL (for IL-4 p = 0.000023; for IL-7 and IL-9 p = 0.000000). The cut-off level of IL-4 was set at 802.26 pg/mL with the sensitivity of 83.87% and specificity of 50% (AUC = 0.7, p = 0.000023). The cut-off level of IL-7 was set at 133.63 ng/L with the sensitivity of 96.77% and specificity of 75.76% (AUC = 0.91, p < 0.000001). The cut-off level of IL-9 was set at 228.79 pg/mL with the sensitivity of 69.89% and specificity of 81.82% (AUC = 0.8, p < 0.000001).

Conclusion It was concluded that all the proteins studied could be potential diagnostic markers in endometrial cancer, particularly highlighting the importance of IL-7.

Disclosures There is no potential conflict of interest to report.