Introduction/Background The primary fallopian tube cancer (FTC) is diagnosed from 0 to 10–15% cases preoperatively and not offen 50–70% – intraoperatively.

Methodology It was done a retrospective analysis of 45 cases of FTC, that are verified histologically in the period from 2013 to 2022. There were studied the preoperative sonographic data of FTC: the solid cystic or ovoid forms with areas of thickening of the walls, hardening or papillary growths on the inner surface of the capsule, incomplete septa; the presence of fluid in the uterine cavity; the blod flow of moderate or severe intensity with high speed and low resistance.

Results In 9 (20%) patients with sonographical diagnosis of FTC it was confirmed intraoperatively and histologically. Another 9 (20%) cases described a sonographic picture that was characteristic for FTC, but FTC was not suspected preoperatively and was detected as a result of surgery that was performed by other indications. In the rest cases, according to ultrasound results, ovarian cancer was found in 8 (17.7%), cystadenoma or papillary cystadenoma in 7 (15.5), non-neoplastic cysts in 8 (17.7%) cases. In 4 (8.8%) cases sonographic signs of pathology were not detected. Thus, the sensitivity of ultrasound diagnosis as a method of preoperative diagnosis of FTC, provided the correct interpretation of the results in 40% (95% CI: 25.70 − 55.67%) cases. But the presence of sonographic signs of FTC was in 41 (91.1%; 95% CI: 78.78 − 97.52%) patients.

Conclusion It is necessary to standardize the sonographic description of FTC for improving its diagnostics.