Objectives To evaluate the association between age, race, country of residence, and obesity with the rising incidence of uterine cancer in the United States (US) and Taiwan.

Methods Data were obtained from the United Statistics Cancer Statistics (USCS) program, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), and Taiwan Cancer Registry from 2001 to 2017. SEER*Stat and Joinpoint regression program were used for statistical analyses.

Results 560,131 White and 22,963 Asian women were identified in USCS and 13,950 women in the Taiwan Cancer Registry with uterine cancer, with an incidence rate per 100,000 of 21.9 White and 17.3 Asian women in the US and 15.0 women in Taiwan. The proportion diagnosed <55 years of age with uterine cancer varied by race and country of residence with 22% of Whites in the US, 40% Asians in the US and 52% of women in Taiwan (P<0.0001). Evaluation of annual percent changes (APC) in incidence of uterine cancer between 2001–2017 within different age groups indicated that the largest APC was observed in the women diagnosed between 35–39 years old with APC increases of 2.4% in Whites and 3.5% in Asians in the US and 7.2% in Taiwan (P<0.001). Evaluation of obesity trends in women between 2001–2017 using US BRFSS data indicated an APC of 2.4% in Whites (range: 19–28%) and 2.1% in Asians (range: 9–13%).

Conclusions Compared to US Whites and US Asians, Native Asians were diagnosed with uterine cancer at a younger age and rates are increasing annually. This finding may be attributed to the rise in obesity rates.