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Original research
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in early stage endometrial cancer: a Turkish gynecologic oncology group study (TRSGO-SLN-001)
  1. Salih Taşkın1,
  2. Duygu Altin1,
  3. Dogan Vatansever2,
  4. Nedim Tokgozoglu3,
  5. Emine Karabük4,
  6. Hasan Turan5,
  7. Özgüç Takmaz4,
  8. Ilker Kahramanoglu6,
  9. Mehmet Murat Naki4,
  10. Mete Güngör4,
  11. Faruk Köse4,
  12. Firat Ortac1,
  13. Macit Arvas7,
  14. Ali Ayhan8 and
  15. Cagatay Taskiran2
  1. 1 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
  2. 2 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koc University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
  3. 3 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
  4. 4 Gynecology and Obstetrics, Acibadem University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
  5. 5 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
  6. 6 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Diyarbakır Education and Research Hospital, Diyarbakır, Turkey
  7. 7 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
  8. 8 Gynecology and Obstetrics, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
  1. Correspondence to Dr Salih Taşkın, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara University Medical Faculty, Ankara 6100, Turkey; salihtaskin{at}yahoo.com

Abstract

Objective The aim of this multicenter study was to evaluate the feasibility of sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in clinically uterine confined endometrial cancer.

Methods Patients who underwent primary surgery for endometrial cancer with an SLN algorithm were reviewed. Indocyanine green or blue dye was used as a tracer. SLNs and/or suspicious lymph nodes were resected. Side specific lymphadenectomy was performed when mapping was unsuccessful. SLNs were ultrastaged on final pathology.

Results 357 eligible patients were analyzed. Median age was 59 years. Median number of resected SLNs was 2 (range 1–12) per patient. Minimal invasive and open surgeries were performed in 264 (73.9%) and 93 (26.1%) patients, respectively. Indocyanine green was used in 231 (64.7%) and blue dye in 126 (35.3%) patients. The dyes were injected into the cervix in 355 (99.4%) patients. The overall and bilateral SLN detection rates were 91.9% and 71.4%, respectively. The mapping rates using indocyanine green or blue dye were comparable (P=0.526). There were 43 (12%) patients with lymphatic metastasis. The SLN algorithm was not able to detect 3 of 43 patients who had isolated paraaortic metastasis. After SLN biopsy, complete pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed in 286 (80.1%) patients. Sensitivity and negative predictive value were both 100% for the detection of pelvic lymph node metastases. In addition, 117 (32.8%) patients underwent completion paraaortic lymphadenectomy after SLN biopsy. In these patients, sensitivity for detecting metastases to pelvic and/or paraaortic lymph nodes was 90.3% with a negative predictive value of 96.6%. The risk of non-SLN involvement in patients with macrometastatic SLNs, micrometastatic SLNs, and isolated tumor cells in SLNs were 61.2%, 14.3% and 0%, respectively.

Conclusions SLN biopsy had good accuracy in detecting lymphatic metastasis. However, one-third of cases with metastatic SLNs also had non-SLN involvement and this risk increased to two-thirds of cases with macrometastatic SLNs. The effect of leaving these nodes in situ on survival should be evaluated in further studies.

  • sentinel lymph node
  • endometrial neoplasms
  • lymphatic metastasis

https://doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2019-000847

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    Footnotes

    • Editor's note This paper will feature in a special issue on sentinel lymph node mapping in 2020.

    • Twitter @profdrmuratnaki

    • Contributors Study concept and design, data analysis and interpretation, statistical analysis, and manuscript preparation: ST, DA, FO, and AA. All authors were involved in the data acquisition, manuscript editing, and manuscript review. The manuscript was submitted after comprehensive revision by all of the authors. ST, DA, and CT made substantial contributions to the revised manuscript.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent for publication Not required.

    • Ethics approval 19-804-15 (December 14, 2015), Ankara University Ethical Committee for Clinical Research.

    • Provenance and peer review Commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Data availability statement Data are available upon reasonable request. All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information.