Introduction/Background To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the management of patients with high-grade neuroendocrine(HGNE) carcinoma of the uterine cervix using a matched case-control study.

Methodology We performed a single-center, retrospective study of 58 surgically treated HGNE cervical cancer patients. Of these patients, 13 patients (20.90%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery. For a 1-to-2 matched case-control study, the rest 45 patients who underwent initially radical hysterectomy were selected as a control group.

Results Between neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and initial radical surgery group, stage(P=0.027), pelvic exam (size >4cm versus ≤4cm, P=0.021) and operation type (open radical hysterectomy versus laparoscopic radical hysterectomy, P=0.005) were statistically different variables. We matched these three variables to the control group. The overall survival rate was not different (66.67% of neoadjuvant chemotherapy group vs. 60.00% of matched control group, P=1.00). The recurrence rate was not different (77.78% of neoadjuvant chemotherapy group vs. 60.00% of matched control group, P=0.575). The estimated blood loss during operation(P=0.04). and intraoperative complication (P=0.026) was lower in neoadjuvant chemotherapy group than matched control group.

Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery was feasible and safe in the treatment of HGNE carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

Disclosure Nothing to disclose.