Article Text

Download PDFPDF
EP1194 Primary vaginal leiomyosarcoma: a case report with complete morphological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study
  1. E Vizza1,
  2. V Petrozza2,
  3. P Natale2,
  4. C Certelli1,
  5. E Battaglione3,
  6. G Corrado4,
  7. G Familiari3 and
  8. R Heyn3
  1. 1Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome
  2. 2Sapienza University, Latina
  3. 3Sapienza University
  4. 4Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli I.R.C.C.S. Universita Cattolica Di Roma, Rome, Italy

Abstract

Introduction/Background Primary vaginal leiomyosarcomas (LMS) are rare, recurrent tumours with an unknown etiology; the prognosis is poor and there is no consensus guideline on their management. A nodular, 25 x 23 x 28 mm-mass, infiltrating the urethra but not the rectovaginal septum, was found in a 58-year-old previously hysterectomized woman. A biopsy showed a LMS of the vagina and an anterior pelvic exenteration was performed.

Methodology The sample was fixed and prepared for light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. An immunohistochemical analysis was performed.

Results The results confirmed a LMS of the vagina that was positive for vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, caldesmon, desmin, p16 and p53. Light microscopy revealed that the mass contained a storiform pattern of spindle-shaped cells with blunt-ended nuclei. Cells were arranged in interwoven fascicles within a dense and richly vascularised stroma, suggesting an active neoangiogenesis. The histopathological analysis revealed a coagulative focal necrosis and low to moderate mitotic indexes, about 1–4/10 high power fields (HPF). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) evidenced a dense collagenous stroma with numerous small blood vessels. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) showed invasive neoplastic and pleomorphic cells with complex labyrinthic cytoplasm projections. Tumoral cells contained paranuclear crowds of dilated mitochondria, free ribosomes and a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum. There were atypical mitotic figures. Blood vessels were usually lined by a high and reactive endothelium.

Conclusion The histopathological and ultrastructural analyses confirmed the malignancy of this tumor. Best outcomes occur when the tumour is small, localized, and can be removed surgically with wide, clear margins, as in this case. As there are different kinds of malignant mesenchymal tumours, biopsy followed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy still represents a good diagnostic choice.

Disclosure Nothing to disclose

Statistics from Altmetric.com

Request Permissions

If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Center’s RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways.