Introduction/Background Some authors reported that there are clinicopathological differences between squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC) of the uterine cervix. On the other hand, current studies have failed finding significant differences in survival between the two groups. Still the controversy remains. The purpose of this study was to compare clinical outcomes of squamous cell carcinoma with those of adenocarcinoma of the cervix in our population.

Methodology We conducted a retrospective analysis of all women with a primary diagnose of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix, from 2013 to 2014, in a Portuguese oncological referral center. Cases were identified by searching for ICD-9 codes and data was collected through electronic medical records. Our main outcome was overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Survival was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier curves and compared with log-rank test before and after propensity score matching (1:1).

Results We included a total of 302 cases: 258 (85,4%) of squamous cell carcinoma and 44 (14,6%) of adenocarcinoma. We found differences in patients characteristics between SCC and ADC regarding medium age (61,3 years vs 56,4 years, p=0,02) and initial disease stage (FIGO I–II) at diagnosis (71,2% vs 64,6%, p=0,034). The 5-year OS and RFS in the SCC group and adenocarcinoma group were respectively 86.2 and 77.4% (p=0.005). After matching, OS and RFS for patients with AC did not significantly differ from those with SCC (p=0,06 and p=0,12).

Conclusion In our population, both patients with SCC and ADC, with similar baseline characteristics, have no differences in overall and recurrence-free survival. However, it remains controversial if the histologic subtype is an independent prognostic factor. For more conclusive results, more studies focusing adenocarcinoma are needed, in order to understand the differences between these patients and its impact on the natural history of the disease.

Disclosure Nothing to disclose.