Objectives To investigate the efficacy of low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) on the outcomes of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer patients.

Methods 85 stage IIB-IVB locally advanced cervical cancer patients were treated at the Gynecologic Oncology Department in 2011–2013 years. Patients were randomized into two arms. The control patient arm received the conventional chemoradiotherapy course, in the study arm it was supplemented with LMWH.

Results Hemorrhagic complications associated with the using of LMWH were not detected.The immediate results of chemoradiotherapy in the study and control groups were the same (p=1.0): according to RECIST criteria 47% in each group were recorded in complete regressions, 42% in partial regressions, 11% in the stabilization of the disease, and the progression of the disease to the end treatment was not recorded in any of the studied groups. The 5-year cancer-specific survival of patients in the study arm was 68.2% (SE 7.9%), in the control arm it was 66.4% (SE 7.1%), p=0.80. The 5-year overall survival was 63.3% (SE 8.1%) and 64.4% (SE 7.2%) respectively, p=0.94. The 5-year progression-free survival was 63.3% (SE 8.1%) and 64.4% (SE 7.2%), respectively, p=0.93.

Conclusions Thus, despite the theoretical data, as a result of a clinical study, the effect of using LMWH on the primary cure of a tumor has not been established. The analysis of long-term treatment outcomes found no effect of LMWH on the cancer-specific survival, overall survival and progression-free survival in locally advanced cervical cancer patients treated by concomitant chemoradiotherapy.