Objective The aim of this observational study was to investigate correlations between long-term chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) and quality of life (physical well-being, social well-being, emotional well-being, and functional well-being [FWB]) among survivors of gynecologic cancer (GC).

Methods We aimed to assess the correlation of quality of life and long-term CIPN with the temporal change in recurrence-free GC survival. Questionnaire responses and clinical data of 259 GC survivors were collected and assessed according to treatment received. The χ² test was used to determine the significance of correlations.

Results Of 165 evaluable patients treated by chemotherapy, 36 patients (21.8%) developed CIPN of Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events grade 1 or higher during the study. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity had significantly improved over time in the domain of FWB at 61 months or more after the end of chemotherapy (posttreatment 4) among GC survivors (P = 0.003). Furthermore, CIPN treated by more than 6 courses of the paclitaxel and carboplatin regimen among GC survivors showed significant improvement over time in the emotional well-being domain at 25 to 60 months and 61 months or more after the end of chemotherapy (posttreatments 3 and 4) (P = 0.037 and P = 0.023) and in FWB at posttreatment 4 (P < 0.001).

Conclusions Emotional and functional domains of CIPN improved over time among GC survivors treated by more than 6 courses of the paclitaxel and carboplatin regimen. Based on these results, further research is required to identify additional preventative or curative approaches.