Objective The aim of this study was to demonstrate the use of intraoperative ultrasound-guided ovarian wedge resection in the treatment of recurrent serous borderline ovarian tumors (sBOTs) that are too small to be visualized laparoscopically.

Methods This was a prospective analysis of all women with recurrent sBOTs that were not visible laparoscopically, who underwent intraoperative ultrasound-guided ovarian wedge resection between January 2015 and December 2016 at the West London Gynaecological Cancer Centre, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

Results We evaluated 7 patients, with a median age of 35 years (range, 28–39 years). Six women were nulliparous, whereas 1 woman had a single child. Previous surgical intervention left 5 women with a single ovary, whereas the remaining 2 had previous ovarian-sparing surgery. The median size of recurrence was 18 mm (range, 12–37 mm). All women underwent uncomplicated intraoperative guided ovarian wedge resections. Histological assessment confirmed sBOT in all 7 cases. Six of the women remain disease-free. One woman recurred postoperatively with her third recurrence, who previously had bilateral disease and noninvasive implants with microinvasive disease and micropapillary pattern. No cases progressed to invasive disease. The median follow-up time was 12 months (range, 1–20 months). One pregnancy has been achieved postoperatively but resulted in miscarriage.

Conclusions Continuous intraoperative ultrasound can be used to facilitate complete tumor excision in recurrent sBOT while minimizing the removal of ovarian tissue in women with recurrent sBOT. It is essential that surgical techniques evolve simultaneously with diagnostic imaging modalities to enable surgeons to treat such pathology.