Objective: To investigate the effect of aspirin on human Ishikawa adenocarcinoma endometrium cell proliferation and apoptosis and its related mechanism through in vitro experiments.

Methods: The effects on Ishikawa adenocarcinoma endometrium cell proliferation and cell cycle of aspirin at different intervals and concentrations were determined with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method and flow cytometry; cell morphous change after the effect of aspirin was observed with transmission electron microscope; and the effect of aspirin on B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-x, long (Bcl-xl) proteinum expression was determined with Western blot.

Results: Aspirin had a significant depressant effect on human Ishikawa adenocarcinoma endometrium cell proliferation, and the effect showed time and dose dependence (P < 0.05). Aspirin-induced cell blockage at G₁ phase, elevated cell apoptosis rate, and its effect were related with its concentration (P < 0.05). After treatment, cell volume was reduced, chromatin was seen concentrated and aggregated around the edge of nuclear membrane, and apoptotic body was formed. Aspirin decreased Bcl-xl proteinum expression, and the effect was related with its concentration (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Aspirin has a distinct depressant effect on human Ishikawa adenocarcinoma endometrium cell growth, and its effect may be realized by lowering Bcl-xl proteinum expression.