Introduction/Background Cervical cancer is preceded by a period of pre-invasive state, and is characterized histologically by a broad spectrum of events ranging from cellular atypia to different degrees of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia before progressing to invasive cancer. The association between certain oncogenic (high-risk) strains of HPV and cervical cancer is well established. The purpose of this study is to highlight – through the findings - the importance of emphasizing accurate information about cervical cancer and the purpose of Pap smear for Moroccan women.

Methodology This cross-sectional study was carried out among 500 female patients who had a pap screening at the gynecology and obstetrics department at the UHC Ibn Rochd over a period of 2 years (2016 – 2017).

Results The average age of the patients having a pap smear screening is 39.5 years. The most affected age group is between 30 and 40 years old. 67% of the patients had started sexual activity before the age of 20. A history of recurrent genital infections was found in 11% of patients. 80% of the patients were in their genitally active period. 2% of the patients had multiple sexual partners. Pap smear results were distributed as follows: 8.4% normal, 53.6% non-specific inflammation, 14.8% specific HPV infection, 6% atrophy, 4.2% ASC-US (Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance), 2.8% ASC-H (Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance-cannot exclude HSIL) ), 5.2% LSIL (Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion), 2% AGUS (Atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance), 1.8% HSIL (High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion), 0.6% detecting the presence of cancer cells.

Conclusion In Morocco, the establishment of a national mass cervical cancer screening program adapted to our epidemiological and socioeconomic context as well as the improvement of hygienic living conditions remains the best means to reduce the incidence and mortality related to cervical cancer

Disclosures The authors declare they have no conflict of interest.