Objectives Study the epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with vulvar malignant neoplasia treated at Santa Marcelina Hospital (HSM) in São Paulo.

Methods Retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients who underwent follow-up at the Oncology Gynecology ambulatory between 2008 and 2018. Data analyzed were: age, parity, smoking, histological type, treatment performed, relapse, lymph node involvement and death.

Results Fifty-five patients with a mean age of 67.43 years were attended, most non-smokers and multiparous. The most common histological type was squamous cell carcinoma (90.9%). Of the patients analyzed, 11 patients (20%) corresponded to stage I, 13 patients (23.63%) to stage II, 17 patients (30.9%) to stage III and 14 patients (25.45%) to stage IV. Of the total number of patients, 21 (38.18%) underwent neoadjuvant therapy and 44 patients (80%) performed a surgical procedure and, of these, 15 patients (27.27%) presented lymph node involvement. In the analyzed sample, 22 patients (40%) underwent adjuvant radiotherapy and 2 patients (3.63%) underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. Among the total analyzed, 23 patients (41.81%) presented recurrence of the disease and 28 (50.9%) evolved to obit. Only 14 patients (25.45%) maintained follow-up in the service.

Conclusions The epidemiological profile of the patients studied is consistent with that found in the literature, mainly regarding the age at diagnosis, the prevalent histological type, the stage at diagnosis and the high death rate. Most of the patients were diagnosed late and this is mainly due to the shame of the patients and the difficulty of access to the specialized service.