Objectives Survival reports of gynecologic sarcomas are limited. The aim of this study is to explore the incidence and outcome of gynecologic sarcomas in different time periods in Israel and to compare to other national reports.

Methods Records of gynecologic sarcomas diagnosed between 1980–2014 were extracted from the National Israeli Cancer Registry. Sarcomas were characterized with respect to anatomical site, morphology and demographic variables. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) and 1,3,5 and 10 –year relative survival rates were calculated for 3 time periods (1980–1994, 1995–2004 and 2005–2014) according to age, stage and years of diagnosis.

Results 1271 new gynecologic sarcomas were diagnosed in Israel during 1980–2014, with incidence slightly increasing between 1980–2004 years up to ASR of 13 per million females. Incidence was highest in women 45–65 years old. The most common histologic diagnosis was leiomyosarcoma (48%) and most common anatomical site was uterus (89%). The ASR for uterine sarcoma is higher in Israel compared to USA, England and Germany, 10.55, 9.2, 7.4, 5.8 per million, respectively. The 5 years’ overall survival is significantly worse in elderly patients (>70yo) compared to younger patients (P<0.001) and in patients with leiomyosarcoma (LMS) compared to endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) (p<0.001). The survival rates in patients with LMS in Israel are comparable to other national reports, although are substantially lower in Israeli patients with ESS. There was no significant difference between Jewish and Non-Jewish population.

Conclusions Israeli statistics is comparable with global statistics regarding histologic and anatomical variations but the incidence in Israel seems higher than in European population.